Group 1: Culture, Custom, and People#

Theme: A researcher learns how a community protects its history and values.

anthropologist /ˌænθrəˈpɒlədʒɪst/ noun

1. An anthropologist is a person who studies anthropology, which is the scientific study of human societies, customs, and beliefs.

civilization /ˌsɪvɪlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ noun

1. A civilization is a human society with its own social organization and culture.
2. Civilization is the state of having an advanced and organized society and culture.

foreigner /ˈfɒrənə/ noun

1. A foreigner is someone who comes from a different country.

exotic /ɪɡˈzɒtɪk/ adjective

1. Something that is exotic seems unusual and exciting because it comes from or belongs to a distant foreign country.

alien /ˈeɪliən/ noun adjective

1. An alien is a creature from outer space, or a person who lives in a country but is not a citizen of it.
2. If something is alien to you, it seems strange, unfamiliar, or foreign.

inhabitant /ɪnˈhæbɪtənt/ noun

1. The inhabitants of a place are the people or animals that live there.

humanitarian /hjuːˌmænɪˈteəriən/ adjective noun

1. Humanitarian means concerned with improving the lives of other people and reducing their suffering.
2. A humanitarian is someone who is dedicated to improving people’s lives and relieving suffering.

aboriginal /ˌæbəˈrɪdʒənl/ noun adjective

1. An Aboriginal is a member of the race of people who were the original inhabitants of Australia.
2. Aboriginal means relating to the original people, animals, or plants that have lived in a place from the earliest times.

native /ˈneɪtɪv/ adjective noun

1. Your native country or town is the place where you were born and grew up.
2. A native of a particular country or area is someone who was born there.

tribe /traɪb/ noun

1. A tribe is a group of people of the same race who share the same culture, language, and religion, and usually live together in one area.

culture /ˈkʌltʃə/ noun

1. Culture consists of the ideas, customs, and art of a particular society or group of people.
2. Culture is the quality of being well-educated and interested in art, literature, and music.

feudalism /ˈfjuːdəlɪzəm/ noun

1. Feudalism was a social and political system in medieval Europe where people were given land and protection in exchange for working and fighting for a lord.

slavery /ˈsleɪvəri/ noun

1. Slavery is the system by which people are owned by other people and forced to work for them without pay.

epic /ˈepɪk/ noun adjective

1. An epic is a long poem, book, or film that tells a story about heroic actions or history.
2. If you describe something as epic, you mean that it is very large, impressive, or difficult.

ideology /ˌaɪdiˈɒlədʒi/ noun

1. An ideology is a set of beliefs, especially the political or social ideas that an individual or group bases their actions on.

moral /ˈmɒrəl/ adjective noun

1. Moral means relating to beliefs about what is right and wrong behavior.
2. Your morals are your personal standards or principles of good behavior.

renaissance /rɪˈneɪsns/ noun

1. The Renaissance was the period in Europe between the 14th and 17th centuries when there was a great revival of interest in art, literature, and learning.

ethical /ˈeθɪkl/ adjective

1. Ethical means relating to beliefs about what is morally right and wrong.
2. If you describe something as ethical, you mean that it is morally correct or acceptable.

convention /kənˈvenʃn/ noun

1. A convention is a traditional and accepted way of behaving or doing things in a society.
2. A convention is a large official meeting of members of a profession, political party, or organization.

local /ˈləʊkl/ adjective noun

1. Local means existing in or relating to the particular area you are talking about.
2. Locals are the people who live in a particular small area.

tradition /trəˈdɪʃn/ noun

1. A tradition is a belief, custom, or way of doing something that has existed for a long time among a particular group of people.

custom /ˈkʌstəm/ noun

1. A custom is an activity or way of behaving that is usual and traditional among the people in a particular society.
2. Someone’s custom is their personal habit or usual way of doing something.

heritage /ˈherɪtɪdʒ/ noun

1. A nation’s heritage is all the qualities, traditions, or features of life that have continued over many years and have been passed on from one generation to another.

inherit /ɪnˈherɪt/ verb

1. If you inherit money or property, you receive it from someone who has died.
2. If you inherit a characteristic or quality, you are born with it because your parents or ancestors had it.