自然地理

自然地理 词汇表#

本列表共收录了 241 个单词。

单词	词性	释义	例句/备注
atmosphere	n.	大气层；氛围	The approaching examination created a tense atmosphere on the campus
hydrosphere	n.	水圈；大气中的水汽	All the water in the earth’s surface is included in the hydrosphere
lithosphere	n.	岩石圈	The lithosphere and the hydrosphere together form the earth’s surface
oxygen	n.	氧气
oxide	n.	氧化物
carbon dioxied	n.	二氧化碳
hydrogen	n.	氢气
core	n.	中心；核心；地核
crust	n.	地壳；外壳	The crust on the snow was thick enough for to walk on it
mantle	n./v.	地幔；斗篷；披风；覆盖	Parents often use mantles for their babies to keep warm
longitude	n.	经度
latitude	n.	维度
horizon	n.	地平线；眼界；见识
altitude	n.	海拔；高度
disaster	n.	灾难	There was a great flood disaster in East China a disaster film/movie 灾难片
mishap	n.	小灾难	A mishap prevented him from attending the routine company meeting
catastrophic	adj.	灾难性的	If the forecast had been wrong, the consequences could have been catastrophic
calamity	n.	灾难；不幸的事	A hurricane would be a calamity for this low-lying coastal region cause a calamity 酿成灾祸
endanger	v.	使遭受危险；危及	If you are work hard without reset, you will endanger your health endangered adj./濒临灭绝
jeopardise	v.	=jeopardize 危害；危及	If you are rude to the boss, your chances of success may be jeopardised jeopardise sb.’s life 危及某人生命
destructive	adj.	破坏性的；有害的	Jealousy is an extremely destructive emotion
El Nino	n.	厄尔尼诺现象
greenhouse	n.	温室；暖房
phenomenon	n.	现象	Snow is an almost unknown phenomenon in Egypt 复数形式：phenomena；a natural phenomenon 自然现象；a social phenomenon 社会现象
pebble	n.	鹅卵石
magnet	n.	磁铁；吸铁石	He picked all the pins up with a magnet magnetic adj./词的，有磁性的；有吸引力的
ore	n.	矿石；矿
mineral	n.	矿物；矿物质；矿场
marble	n.	大理石
quartz	n.	石英
granite	n.	花岗岩	bit on granite 白费力气；徒劳无功
gust	n.	一整狂风；（情感的）迸发	A gust of wind blew the leaves off the trees
breeze	n.	微分；和风
monsoon	n.	季风；雨季
gale	n.	大风
hurricane	n.	飓风；暴风
tornado	n.	龙卷风
typhoon	n.	台风
volcano	n.	火山
erupt	v.	爆发；喷发；（斑疹等）突然出现
magma	n.	岩浆
thermodynamic	adj.	热力的；热力学的
smog	n.	烟雾；雾霾
fume	n./v.	（难闻有害的）烟，气体	Petrol fumes from cars are poisoning the atmosphere
mist	n.	薄雾；水汽；使视线模糊的东西
tsunami	n.	海啸
drought	n.	干旱；旱灾
flooding	n.	洪水泛滥
torrent	n.	激流；洪流
earthquake	n.	地震
seismic	adj.	地震的；地震引起的
avalanche	n.	雪崩
terrain	n.	地形
landscape	n./v.	风景；地貌；对…进行景观美化
continent	n.	大陆；洲
cave	n.	洞穴；山洞
cliff	n.	悬崖；峭壁
glacier	n.	冰川；冰河
swamp	n.	沼泽；湿地
delta	n.	三角洲
plain	n./adj.	平原；简朴的；明白的
plateau	n.	高原
oasis	n.	绿洲；宜人之地
globe	n.	球体；地球仪
hemisphere	n.	半球
equator	n.	赤道
arctic	adj./n.	北极的；极冷的；北极地区；北极
Antarctic	adj./n.	南极的；南极地区；南极洲
pole	n.	（地）极；截然相反的两极之一	English is spoken from pole to pole the South Pole 南极
polar	adj.	极地的；近极地的；对立的	In these polar region, the balance of nature has already been disrupted a polar bear 北极熊；polarize v. 使两极分化
axis	n.	轴；轴线	The earth’s axis is the line between the North and South Poles
deteriorate	v.	恶化；变坏
aggravate	v.	加重；加剧；使恶化
degrade	v.	降解；降低…身份；使恶化；使退化
upgrade	v.	使升级；提高；改善
erode	v.	侵蚀；腐蚀	The waves erode the rocks on the shore erosion n. 侵蚀；腐蚀
Mediterranean	adj./n.	地中海的；地中海地区的；地中海；地中海地区
Atlantic	n.	大西洋
pacific	adj./n.	平静的；平和的；太平洋的；太平洋	What a beautiful and pacific place this is pacify v. 平息；安抚；使平静
ocean	n.	海洋；洋	These creatures live in the depth of the Pacific Ocean an ocean of/oceans of 大量
marine	adj./n.	海洋的；海生的；海事的；水兵	It is true that a lot of people like marine plants as their food a marine product 海产品；船用品
navigation	n.	航海；航行	Navigation is a game for brave people navigator n. 航海家；领航员
gulf	n.	海湾
beach	n.	海滩；河滩
coast	n.	海岸；海滨
shore	n.	（海、湖等大水域的）岸；滨	His ship pulled in to the shore at midnight
tide	n.	趋势；潮流；潮汐	The gravitational attraction between the moon and the earth causes tides tidal adj. 潮汐的。at low tide 退潮时，低潮时。Time and tide wait for no man 岁月不等人
current	n.	水流；潮流；电流；气流	He was swept away by the current
brook	n.	小河；溪
stream	n./v.	小河；溪；流；流动；流出
source	n.	河的源头；根源
shallow	adj.	浅的；肤浅的；浅薄的
superficial	adj.	表皮的；表层的
flat	adj.	平躺的；扁平的；单调的
smooth	adj.	光滑的；平稳的；流畅的
rough	adj.	粗糙的；粗略的
sandy	adj.	含沙的；铺满沙的
stony	adj.	石头的；多石的
vertical	adj.	垂直的；直立的
steep	adj.	陡峭的
parallel	n./adj./v.	parallel	平行线；相似之处；平行的；与…相比；比得上
narrow	adj./n.	狭窄的；有极限的
Oceania	n.	大洋洲
mainland	n.
peninsula	n.	半岛
climate	n.
weather	n.
meteorology	n.
mild	adj.	温和的；不严重的
heating	n.	供暖；暖气装置
moderate	adj./v.	适度的；温和的；中等的；使缓和	The wind was strong all day, but it moderated in the evening a moderate climate 温和的气候
warm	adj./v.
thermal	adj.	热量的
tropics	n.	热带地区
arid	adj.	干燥的；干旱的；枯燥的
moist	adj.	潮湿的；湿润的
damp	adj.	湿气重的；潮湿的
humid	adj.	潮湿的；湿热的
snowy	adj.
frost	n.	霜；霜冻；严寒
hail	n./v.	冰雹；赞扬；招呼；下冰雹
thaw	v./n.	解冻；融解；融化；解冻时期	The sun thawed the ice and melted the snow thaw sth./out 使…解冻；shi…变暖
chill	v./n.	使变冷；使恐惧；寒冷；害怕	The bad news cast a chill over the whole family chilly adj./寒冷的；chill enthusiasm 使热情冷却
freeze	v./n.	结冰；霜冻；严寒期
frigid	adj.	寒冷的	Hohhot is a frigid city in the winter the frigid zones 寒带
tremble	v./n.	战栗；颤抖
shiver	v.	颤抖；哆嗦；发抖	She was shivered because she was worried and afraid shiver with cold 冻的发抖
thunder	n./v.
lightning	n./v.
stormy	adj.
downpour	n.	倾盆大雨
rainfall	n.	降雨量
sprinkle	v./n.	撒；下小雨；少量；小雨	We’ve only had a sprinkles of rain recently
rainbow	n.
shower	n.	阵；阵雨；淋浴	The weatherman predicts showers this afternoon
Celsius	adj./n.	摄氏的；摄氏温度
temperature	n.
forecast	n./v.
peak	n./v.	山峰；顶点；达到最大值
mount	v./n.	渐渐增加；爬上；登上；山
mountain	n.
range	n.	山脉；范围
ridge	n./v.	山脊；山脉；使隆起
slope	v./n.	倾斜；有坡度；山坡；斜坡
valley	n.	山谷；溪谷
hillside	n.	小山的山腰；山坡
overlook	v.	远眺；俯瞰；未注意到	The house on the hill overlooks the village be easily overlook 容易被忽略的
southern	adj.	南方的
southeast	n./adj.
southwest	n./adj.
northeast	n./adj.
northwest	n./adj.
eastern	adj.
oriental	adj.	东方的（尤其指中日）	She has studied the cultures of oriental countries
inevitable	adj.	必然的；不可避免的	Such a diffcult operation may not succeed, but it’s an inevitable gamble evitable adj. 可避免的
irreversible	adj.	不可逆转的；不可挽回的
irregularly	adv.	不规则地；不合常规地
inappropriate	adj.	不合适的
abnormal	adj.	不正常的；反常的；变态的
sediment	n.	沉积物；沉淀物
silt	n./v.	淤泥；泥沙；使淤塞
muddy	adj.	泥泞的；浑浊的
clay	n.	黏土；陶土
dirt	n.	污垢；灰尘；泥土
rural	adj.	农村的；乡村的；田园的
suburb	n.	郊区；郊外；近郊
outskirts	n.	郊区；市郊
remote	adj.	遥远的；偏僻的；疏远的	She came from a remote village a remote control 遥控器
desolate	adj.	荒凉的
distant	adj.	疏远的；遥远的	the distant past 遥远的过去
adjacent	adj.	邻近的；毗连的	We stayed in adjacent rooms adjacent to 与…毗连的
toxic	adj.	有毒的	All medicines are toxic poisonous adj. 有毒的；toxic waste 有毒的废物；highly toxic 剧毒的
pollution	n.
pollutant	n.	污染物质
contaminate	v.	污染；弄脏
geology	n.	地质学；地质状况
border	n./v.	边界；边界地区；镶边；和…毗邻；形成…边界
margin	n.	边缘；页边空白；余地	There is no margin for error in our plan allow a greater margin of 允许有更大的余地
fringe	n./adj.	边缘；刘海；非主要的；而是次要的	We feel it’s pretty good and we also offer some good fringe benefits
plate	n.	板块；盘
debris	n.	碎片；残骸
crack	v./n.	破裂；发出爆裂声；裂缝；缝隙	The door opened just a crack cause a crack 弄出裂缝
gap	n.	缺口；裂缝；差距；空白
splendid	adj.	极好的；壮观的	You’re all doing a splendid job; keep up the good work a splendid chance极好的机会
grand	adj.	宏大的；豪华的；宏伟的；极好的
magnificent	adj.	壮丽的；宏伟的；令人印象深刻的
super	adj.
interesting	adj.
dramatic	adj.	戏剧的；引人入胜的
wilderness	n.	荒野
desert	n./v.	沙漠；遗弃	The baby’s mother deserted him soon after giving birth a cultural desert 文化沙漠
deforest	v.	毁掉…深林	deforestation n. 毁林，滥伐深林
barren	adj.	贫瘠的；荒芜的；不结果实的
fertile	adj.	富饶的；肥沃的
fertilise	v.	=fertileze 施肥于
solar	adj.	太阳的；日光的
lunar	adj.	月亮的；月球的
calendar	n.	日历；历法
sunrise	n.	日出
sunset	n.
eclipse	n.	日食；月食
dusk	n.	黄昏
heaven	n.	天堂；极乐之地
paradise	n.	天堂；乐园；福地
sunshine	n.	阳光；日光
shade	n./v.	阴影部分；背阴处；给…遮挡（光线）
shadow	n.	影子
vapour	n.	=vapor 蒸汽；水汽
evaporate	v.	使蒸发；消失
circulate	v.	循环；流通；传播
precipitate	v.	凝结；沉淀	Clouds usually precipitate as rain or snow precipitation n. 沉淀；降水量；陡然下落
reservoir	n.	水库；蓄水池
waterfall	n.
fountain	n.	喷泉；源泉
spring	n.	春天；泉水
dew	n.	露水
pour	v.	倾泻；倒；倾盆而下
drain	v./n.	排空；流出；耗竭
drip	v.	滴出（液体）；滴下
drown	v.	淹死；浸泡
blow	v./n.	吹；打击；挫折
puff	v./n.	喷出；喘息；（吹出的）一股；一缕	Don’t puff cigarette smoke in my face
gush	v./n.	涌出	gush out 涌出；喷出；gush from 从…喷出
dense	adj.	密集的；稠密的	density n. 密度
intensity	n.	强度；强烈
intensive	adj.	加强的；集中的；密集的	intensive care unit ICU
emerge	v.	浮现；露出；暴露；摆脱出来
flash	v./n.		flash through sb.’s mind 闪过某人脑海
float	v.
environment	n.
surrounding	adj.	周围的；附近的
condition	n.	条件；情况；状态
situation	n.
nature	n.
natural	adj.
artificial	adj.	人造的
synthetic	adj.	人造的；合成的	Nylon is a synthetic material; it is not from nature
petrol	n.	[英]汽油
gas	n.	气体；[美]汽油
gasoline	n.	[美]汽油
petroleum	n.	石油	Petroleum is an important natural resource petrology n. 岩石学